What is 1 Brass of sand in CFT and Metric Tonnes?

In Indian civil engineering, 1 Brass is exactly 100 cubic feet (CFT) or 2.8317 cubic meters (m³). For River Sand with a dry bulk density of 1,600 kg/m³, 1 Brass weighs approximately 4.53 Metric Tonnes. For M-Sand (1,750 kg/m³), 1 Brass weighs approximately 4.95 Metric Tonnes.

What is the bulking of sand and how does moisture affect measurement?

Bulking of sand occurs when moisture forms a surface tension film around sand grains, pushing them apart and artificially increasing sand volume by 15% to 30% at 4% to 6% moisture content per IS 2386 (Part 3). If batching by volume on-site, the sand quantity must be increased by the bulking factor to prevent a cement-rich, under-sanded mortar or concrete.

What is the difference between River Sand, M-Sand, and P-Sand?

River Sand is naturally eroded quartz aggregate (IS 383 Zone II). M-Sand (Manufactured Sand) is crushed granite fine aggregate (Zone II, 0–4.75 mm) engineered for RCC casting with zero silt. P-Sand (Plastering Sand) is ultra-fine crushed sand (IS 1542 Zone IV, 0–2.36 mm) with washed micro-fines designed for crack-free wall plastering.

How much sand is required for 100 sq.ft of 12mm wall plastering in 1:4 mix?

For 100 sq.ft (9.29 m²) of 12mm thick internal plastering in 1:4 cement-sand mix: Wet volume = 0.111 m³. Applying the 1.60x dry volume and joint-filling multiplier yields 0.178 m³ (6.29 CFT or 0.063 Brass) of sand (~293 kg of P-Sand) and 1.27 bags of PPC cement.

How many Brass of sand are in a Tractor Trolley, Tipper, and Hyva truck?

Standard logistics in India: A standard Tractor Trolley carries 1 Brass (100 CFT / ~4.5 Tonnes), a 6-Wheeler Tipper truck carries 2.5 to 3 Brass (250–300 CFT / ~11–13.5 Tonnes), and a 10/12-Wheeler Hyva or Dumper carries 5 to 6 Brass (500–600 CFT / ~22.5–27 Tonnes).

Sand Calculator | Toolique

Sand Calculator

Calculate fine aggregate and sand requirements in CFT, Brass, and Metric Tonnes for concrete, brick masonry, and plastering per IS 383, IS 2386, and CPWD DSR.

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How to Use Sand Calculator

Select your construction module: Concrete structural elements (Slabs, Beams, Columns, Footings), Brick Masonry, or Wall Plastering.
Choose your mix design ratio (e.g., M20 1:1.5:3, M25 1:1:2, or Mortar 1:4 / 1:6) or enter custom wet batch volume.
Input structural dimensions in feet or meters with optional opening deductions (doors/windows).
Adjust sand type (River Sand, M-Sand Zone II, P-Sand Zone IV) and bulking percentage (0% to 12% moisture).
Review instant material takeoff in CFT, Brass, and Metric Tonnes with truck logistics and export BOQ to PDF or Excel.

IS 383:2016 Sand Grading Zones & Material Density

Fine aggregate grading under IS 383:2016 is categorized into four zones based on sieve analysis: - **Zone I**: Coarse sand used for heavy foundation concrete and mass retaining walls. - **Zone II**: Medium-coarse sand ideal for RCC slabs, columns, beams, and structural load-bearing members (Bulk density: 1,600 kg/m³ for river sand, 1,750 kg/m³ for M-Sand). - **Zone III**: Medium-fine sand used for non-structural casting and brick masonry mortar (Bulk density: 1,550 kg/m³). - **Zone IV / IS 1542**: Fine sand with >90% passing 600-micron sieve; mandatory for internal and external wall plastering (P-Sand density: 1,650 kg/m³).

Dry Volume Multipliers & Bulking Correction (CPWD / IS 456)

To convert in-situ compacted volume to procurement dry loose volume: - **Concrete**: 1.54x factor accounts for dry void shrinkage among cement, fine, and coarse aggregate particles. - **Brick Masonry**: 1.33x factor accounts for mortar drying shrinkage and brick absorption. - **Plastering**: 1.60x factor combines 1.33x dry volume expansion plus 20% allowance for wall unevenness, masonry raking joints, and scaffolding drop wastage. - **Moisture Bulking**: $V_{corrected} = V_{dry} \times (1 + \frac{\%\text{Bulking}}{100})$ to guarantee accurate aggregate ratios during field batching.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is 1 Brass of sand in CFT and Metric Tonnes?: In Indian civil engineering, 1 Brass is exactly 100 cubic feet (CFT) or 2.8317 cubic meters (m³). For River Sand with a dry bulk density of 1,600 kg/m³, 1 Brass weighs approximately 4.53 Metric Tonnes. For M-Sand (1,750 kg/m³), 1 Brass weighs approximately 4.95 Metric Tonnes.
What is the bulking of sand and how does moisture affect measurement?: Bulking of sand occurs when moisture forms a surface tension film around sand grains, pushing them apart and artificially increasing sand volume by 15% to 30% at 4% to 6% moisture content per IS 2386 (Part 3). If batching by volume on-site, the sand quantity must be increased by the bulking factor to prevent a cement-rich, under-sanded mortar or concrete.
What is the difference between River Sand, M-Sand, and P-Sand?: River Sand is naturally eroded quartz aggregate (IS 383 Zone II). M-Sand (Manufactured Sand) is crushed granite fine aggregate (Zone II, 0–4.75 mm) engineered for RCC casting with zero silt. P-Sand (Plastering Sand) is ultra-fine crushed sand (IS 1542 Zone IV, 0–2.36 mm) with washed micro-fines designed for crack-free wall plastering.
How much sand is required for 100 sq.ft of 12mm wall plastering in 1:4 mix?: For 100 sq.ft (9.29 m²) of 12mm thick internal plastering in 1:4 cement-sand mix: Wet volume = 0.111 m³. Applying the 1.60x dry volume and joint-filling multiplier yields 0.178 m³ (6.29 CFT or 0.063 Brass) of sand (~293 kg of P-Sand) and 1.27 bags of PPC cement.
How many Brass of sand are in a Tractor Trolley, Tipper, and Hyva truck?: Standard logistics in India: A standard Tractor Trolley carries 1 Brass (100 CFT / ~4.5 Tonnes), a 6-Wheeler Tipper truck carries 2.5 to 3 Brass (250–300 CFT / ~11–13.5 Tonnes), and a 10/12-Wheeler Hyva or Dumper carries 5 to 6 Brass (500–600 CFT / ~22.5–27 Tonnes).